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ISSN:2325-6192 (print)
ISSN:2325-6206 (online)
Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management
António Mendes Lopes (editor), Jiazhong Zhang(editor)
António Mendes Lopes (editor)

University of Porto, Portugal

Email: aml@fe.up.pt

Jiazhong Zhang (editor)

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China

Fax: +86 29 82668723 Email: jzzhang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

Cleaner Production Implementation in a Cocoa Processing Plant in Ecuadorian Amazon

Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management 9(2) (2021) 173--188 | DOI:10.5890/JEAM.2021.06.006

Karel Di '{e}guez-Santana$^{1}$ , Yannay Casas-Led '{o}n$^{2}$, Liliana B '{a}rbara Sarduy-Pereira$^{3}$, Luis Ernesto Arteaga-P '{e}rez$^{4}$

$^1$ Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Estatal Amaz'{o}nica, Paso Lateral km 2 1/2 Via Tena, Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador

$^2$ Department of Environmental Engineering, Environmental Science Faculty- EULA Center, University of Concepci'{o}n, Chile

$^3$ Unidad Educativa Fiscomisional Crist'{o}bal Col'{o}n, Parroquia Shell, Cant'{o}n Mera, Pastaza, Ecuador

$^4$ Laboratory of Thermal and Catalytic Processes (LPTC), Wood Engineering Department, University of Bio-Bio. Concepcion. Chile

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Abstract

The cocoa is one of the most important crops in Ecuador, intended for export and used for chocolate production in other countries. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of the implementation of cleaner production (CP) strategies in a cocoa processing plant of the ``Tsatsayaku" producers Association. An initial \textit{in situ} diagnosis on the plant environmental performance was made, and inputs and outputs of the cocoa paste elaboration process were quantified. The intensive consumption of utilities such as water, electricity, and the generation of different waste streams were the main problems detected in the diagnosis. From this analysis, seven CP alternatives were proposed to reduce the detected problems and generate additional incomes. According to the economic and environmental analyses, the proposed CP options could increase the benefit-to-cost ratio by 0.4. Furthermore, these CP practices could reduce water consumption, solid waste generation and CO$_{2}$ emissions by 20%, 58.6% and 37.5%, respectively. This study shows that CP strategies are viable options that can improve the environmental performance of small and medium-sized national companies.

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