---

Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management 5(2) (2017) 87--104 | DOI:10.5890/JEAM.2017.06.002

Olga Kordas$^{1}$, Alexandre Gourjii$^{2}$, Eugene Nikiforovich$^{3}$, Dmytro Cherniy$^{4}$

$^{1}$ Royal Institute of Technology, Kungl Tekniska Högskolan, Stockholm, SE-10044, Sweden

$^{2}$ National Technical University of Ukraine “KPI by Igor Sikorsky”, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine

$^{3}$ Institute of Hydromechanics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine

$^{4}$ National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine

Download Full Text PDF

 

Abstract

This paper deals with short-term modelling of pollutant transport on the sea surface after environmental accidents. Using the Lagrangian approach, a two-dimensional model of pollutant flow is developed to determine the average velocity field of the flow in the presence of tidal currents and sea surface wind stress for an arbitrarily shaped coastline. This approach assumes that the main transport mechanism is convection. Short-term scenarios are considered, where diffusion effects on pollutant transport can be neglected. The hydrodynamic problem is solved by the method of discrete singularities adapted to fluid advection problems. The problem of environmental pollutant transport by sea currents is reduced to integration of the advection equations to determine the spatio-temporal properties of the spreading pollution. The model was verified through comparison of the results against natural observations on the spread of an oil spill on the sea surface following a collision between the Chinese bulk carrier Fu Shan Hai and the Cyprian container ship Gdynia near the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea (May 31, 2003). Satisfactory agreement was found between results of a 7-day numerical simulation and observed data. The proposed model can therefore be used for real-time prediction of short-term pollutant transport on a sea surface with an arbitrarily shaped coastline, to support decision-making processes during maritime accidents, in particular oil spills.

References

1. [1]	Abramowitz, M. and Stegun, I.A. (1964), Handbook of mathematical functions: with formulas, graphs, and mathematical tables (No.55), Courier Corporation

2. [2]	Abascal, A.J., Castanedo, S., Medina, R. and Liste, M. (2010), Analysis of the reliability of a statistical oil spill response model, Marine Pollution Bulletin 60(11), 2099-2110

3. [3]	Andrade, M.M.N., Szlafsztein, C.F., Souza-Filho, Araújo, A.R. and Gomes, M.K.T. (2010), A socioeconomic and natural vulnerability index for oil spills in an Amazonian harbor: A case study using GIS and remote sensing, Journal of Environmental Management 91(10), 1972-1980

4. [4]	Anilkumar, P.P., Varghese, K. and Ganesh, L.S. (2010), Formulating a coastal zone health metric for landuse impact management in urban coastal zones, Journal of Environmental Management 91(11), 2172-2185

5. [5]	Aref, H. (1984), Stirring by chaotic advection, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 143, 1-21

6. [6]	Aref, H. (1990), Chaotic advection of fluid particle, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A333, 273-288

7. [7]	Banachowicz, A. and Wolejsza, P. (2008), The analysis of possibilities how the collision between m/v “Gdynia” and m/v “Fu Shan Hai” could have been avoided, TransNav: International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation 2(4), 377-381

8. [8]	Barragan, J.M. and Andres, M.D. (2015), Analysis and trends of the world's coastal cities and agglomerations, Ocean & Coastal Management 114, 11-20

9. [9]	Berry, A., Dabrowski, T. and Lyons, K. (2012), The oil spill model OILTRANS and its application to the Celtic Sea, Marine Pollution Bulletin 64(11), 2489-2501

10. [10]	Blumberg, A.F. and Mellor, G.L. (1983), Diagnostic and prognostic numerical circulation studies of the South Atlantic Bight, Journal of Geophysical Research 88(C8), 4579-4592

11. [11]	Blumberg, A.F. and Mellor, G.L. (1987), A description of a three-dimensional coastal ocean model in three dimensional shelf model, Coastal Estuarine Science l5, 1-16

12. [12]

    Carracedo, P., Torres-Lopez, S., Barreiro, M., Montero, P., Balseiro, C.F., Penabad, E., Leitao, P.C. and Pérez-Muñuzuri, V. (2006), Improvement of pollutant drift forecast system applied to the Prestige oil spills in Galicia Coast (NW of Spain): Development of an operational system, Marine pollution bulletin 53(5), 350-360

13. [13]

    Castanedo, S., Juanes, J. A., Medina, R., Puente, A., Fernandez, F., Olabarrieta, M. and Pombo, C. (2009), Oil spill vulnerability assessment integrating physical, biological and socio-economical aspects: Application to the Cantabrian coast (Bay of Biscay, Spain), Journal of Environmental Management 91(1), 149-159

14. [14]	Cheng, Y., Li, X., Xu, Q., Garcia-Pineda, O., Andersen, O.B. and Pichel, W.G. (2011), SAR observation and model tracking of an oil spill event in coastal waters, Marine Pollution Bulletin 62(2), 350-363

15. [15]	Christiansen, B.M. (2003), 3D Oil Drift and Fate Forecast at DMI, Technical Report No.03-36. Danish Meteorological Institute, Denmark

16. [16]	Chung, T.J. (2010), Computational fluid dynamics, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge

17. [17]	Dritschel, D.G. (1989), Contour dynamics and contour surgery: numerical algorithms for extended, high-resolution modelling of vortex dynamics in two-dimensional, inviscid, incompressible flows, Computer Physics Reports 10(3), 77-146

18. [18]	Ezer, T. and Mellor, G.L. (1994), Diagnostic and prognostic calculations of the North Atlantic circulation and sea level using a sigma coordinate ocean model, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 99(C7), 14159-14171

19. [19]	Flor, J.B. and van Heijst, G.J.F. (1994), An experimental study of dipolar vortex structures in a stratified fluid, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 279, 101-133

20. [20]	Gill, E.G. (1982), Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics. Academic Press: London

21. [21]	Gorelov, D.N. (1990), About choice of control points in the discrete vortex method, Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics, 1, 167-170 [in Russian]

22. [22]	Gourjii, A.A. and Cherniy, D.I. (2009), Adaptive method of discrete singularities in the advection problem of passive impurities by sea flows, Applied hydromechanics 11(2), 30-39 [in Russian]

23. [23]	Gourjii, A.A. (2011), Chaotic fluid advection by vortex flows: DS Thesis in Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Hydromechanics of National Academy of Science: Kyiv [in Russian]

24. [24]	Gurzhiy, A.A. and Meleshko, V.V. (1992), Two-dimensional motion that particles of an ideal fluid execute in the velocity field of vortex pair, Fluid Mechanics – Soviet Research 21 (1), 106-112

25. [25]	Gou, W.J., and Wang, Y.X. (2009), A numerical oil spill model based on a hybrid method, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 58 (5), 726–734

26. [26]	Helcom Response (2003). Oil and other harmful substances: The Collision between Chinese Bulk Carrier Fu Shan Hai and Cypriot Container Vessel Gdynia on 31 May 2003. Helcom Response No 3, HELCOM, Finland

27. [27]	Ivanov, V.A., Cherkesov, L.V. and Shul’ga, T.Ya. (2013), Investigation of the influence of stationary flows on dynamic processes and the evolution of impurities in the Azov Sea, caused by wind action, Marine Hydrophysical Journal 3, 13-24 [in Russian]

28. [28]	Jones, S.W., Thomas, O.M. and Aref, H. (1989), Chaotic advection by laminar flow in a twisted pipe, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 209, 335-357

29. [29]	Kozak, J. (2008), Elastic protection coatings for ship tanks to increase environment protection level, Polish Maritime Research 15(1), 60-64

30. [30]	Lamb, H. (1932), Hydrodynamics. [6th edition], Cambridge University Press: Cambridge

31. [31]	Lehr, W.J. and Simecek-Beatty, D. (2000), The relation of langmuir circulation procceses to the standart oil spill spreading, dispersion, and transport algorithms, Spill Science & Technoligy Bulletin 6(3), 247-253

32. [32]	Lehr, W.J., Jones, R., Evans, M. Simecek-Beatty, D. and Overstreet, R. (2002), Revisions of the ADIOS oil spill model, Environmental Modelling & Software 17(2), 189-197

33. [33]	Liu, X., Writz, K. W., Kannen, A. and Kraft, D. (2009), Willingness to pay among households to prevent coastal resources from polluting by oil spills: A pilot survey. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58(10), 1514-1521

34. [34]	Liu, X. (2010), Integrated modelling of oil spill response strategies: a coastal management case study. Environmental Science & Policy 13(5), 415-422

35. [35]	Mancho, A.M., Small, D. and Wiggins, S. (2006), A tutorial on dynamical systems concept applied to Lagrangian transport in oceanic flows defined as finite time data sets: Theoretical and computational issues, Physics Reports 437(3), 55-124

36. [36]	Mee, L. (2012), Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea: The coastal zone in an Era of globalization. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 96, 1-8

37. [37]	Mellor, G.L. (1991), Users guide for a three dimensional, primitive equation, numerical ocean model. Princeton, NJ 08544-0710: Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University

38. [38]	Mogensen, N., Nielsen, L. G. and Rekvad, T. (2003), Collision between Chinese Bulk Carrier FU SHAN HAI and Cypriot Container Vessel GDYNIA. Casualty Report

39. [39]	Nittis, K., Perivoliotis, L., Korres, G., Tziavos, C. and Thanos, I. (2006), Operational monitoring and forecasting for marine environmental applications in the Aegean Sea, Environmental Modelling & Software 21(2), 243-257

40. [40]	Ommundsen, A. (2000), Numeric simulations of tides, shelf slope currents and Lagrangian advection of particles: Ph.D. thesis, University of Oslo, Oslo

41. [41]	Ottino, J.M. (1989), The Kinematics of Mixing: Stretching, Chaos and Transport, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge

42. [42]	Oguz, T., Malanotte-Rizzoli, P. and Aubrey D. (1995), Wind and thermohaline circulation of the Black Sea by yearly mean climatological forcing, Journal of Geophysical Research 100(C4), 6845-6863

43. [43]	Pollani, A., Triantafyllou, G., Petihakis, G., Nittis, K., Dounas, C. and Koutitas, C. (2001), The Poseidon operational tools for the prediction of floating pollutant transport, Marine Pollution Bulletin 43(7), 270-278

44. [44]	Roache, P.J. (1972), Computational fluid dynamics, Hermosa Publishers: Albuquerque

45. [45]	Robertson, A.W. (2001), Influence of ocean-atmosphere interaction on the arctic oscillation in two general circulation models, Journal of Climate 14(15), 3240-3254

46. [46]	Sekovski, I., Newton, A. and Dennison, W.C. (2012), Megacities in the coastal zone: Using a driver-pressure-state-impact-response framework to address complex environmental problems, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 96, 48-59

47. [47]	Small, C. and Nicholls, R.J. (2003), A Global Analysis of Human Settlement in Coastal Zones, Journal of Coastal Research 19, 584- 599

48. [48]	Stouffer, R.J., Hegerl, G. and Tett, S. (2000), A comparison of surface air temperature variability in three 1000-Yr coupled oceanatmosphere model integrations, Journal of Climate 13(3), 513-537

49. [49]	Villat, H. (1930), Vortex theory, Gauthier Villars et c. Edieteurs: Paris

50. [50]	Voth, G.A., Haller, G. and Gollub, J.P. (2002), Experimental measurements of stretching fields in fluid mixing, Physical Review Letters 88(25), 254-257

51. [51]	Zavatarelli, M. and Mellor, G.L. (1995), The numerical study of the Mediterranean Sea circulation, Journal of Physical Oceanography 25(6), 1384-1414

52. [52]	Zelenke, B., O'Connor, C., Barker C. and Beegle-Krause, C.J. (2012), General NOAA Operational Modeling Environment (GNOME) Technical Documentation. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS OR&R 40. Seattle, WA: Emergency Response Division, NOAA, 105p.