Skip Navigation Links
Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management
António Mendes Lopes (editor), Jiazhong Zhang(editor)
António Mendes Lopes (editor)

University of Porto, Portugal

Email: aml@fe.up.pt

Jiazhong Zhang (editor)

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China

Fax: +86 29 82668723 Email: jzzhang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn


Estimation of Black Carbon Emission of China

Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management 2(2) (2014) 115--122 | DOI:10.5890/JEAM.2014.06.002

Yiqiong Lu

Department of Environmental Protection, Shenhua Group Corporation Limited, China

Download Full Text PDF

 

Abstract

With a strong absorption effect of solar radiation, black carbon is deemed as one of the important causes of climate change, and also one of the factors resulting in fog and haze, significantly affecting the quality of atmospheric environment and human health. It’s mainly produced by incomplete combustion of carbonaceous substances and has become one of the hot issues in studies of climate change and atmospheric environmental quality in recent years. It is difficult to measure black carbon aerosol emissions directly, and we usually estimate black carbon emission roughly by applying emission factors obtained in the laboratory for the real atmosphere. By using black carbon emission factors of industries published at home and abroad recently, this article estimated black carbon emissions from 2000 to 2012 in China, which was growing from 928.58Gg to 1527.56Gg. In this paper, black carbon emissions were compared in various industries, of which the amount of black carbon emissions of residential activities occupied the largest proportion, but declined gradually each year, while the emission of industry took the second place with an increasing trend every year, and the proportion of emission of transport sector grew ina fast pace from 5.65% in 2000 to 10.51% in 2012.

Acknowledgments

The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41101564).

References

  1. [1]  Bond, T.C., Doherty, S.J., Fahey, D.W., Forster, P.M., Berntsen, T., De Angelo, B.J., Flanner, M.G., Ghan, S., K?rcher, B., Koch, D., Kinne, S., Kondo, Y., Quinn, P.K., Sarofim, M.C., Schultz, M.G., Schulz, M., Venkataraman, C., Zhang, H., Zhang, S., Bellouin, N., Guttikunda, S.K., Hopke, P.K., Jacobson, M.Z., Kaiser, J.W., Klimont, Z., Lohmann, U., Schwarz, J.P., Shindell, D., Storelvmo, T., Warren, S.G., and Zender, C.S. (2013), Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment, American Geophysical Union, 118(11), 5380-5552.
  2. [2]  Cao, G., Zhang, X., Wang, Y., Che, H., and Chen, D. (2006), Black carbon aerosol emissions inventories in China, Advances in Climate Change Research, 11(2), 6.
  3. [3]  Cao, G., Zhang, X., and Zheng, F. (2006), Inventory of black carbon and organic carbon emissions from China, Atmospheric Environment, 40, 6516-6527.
  4. [4]  Chen, Y.J., Jiang, X.H., Zhi, G.R., Feng, Y.L., Sheng, G.Y., and Fu, J.M. (2009), Black carbon emissions from residential coal combustion and reduction strategy (in Chinese), Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 39(11), 1554-1559.
  5. [5]  David, G.S., Shalini, G., Stephanie, T.W., Michael Q.W., Tami C.B., and Bo Y.Y. (2001), Black carbon emissions in China, Atmospheric Environment, 35, 4281-4296.
  6. [6]  Finkbeiner, M. and König, P. (2012), Carbon footprint and life cycle assessment of organizations, Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management, 2(1), 55-63.
  7. [7]  Hai, T.T., Chen, Y.J. Wang, Y., Tian, C.G., Tang, J.H., Pan, X.H., and Li, J. (2013), Development of quantitative methods of black carbon in different environmental matrixes, Environmental Science & Technology (China), 36(12), 153-159.
  8. [8]  IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). (1995), Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change, Cambridge University Press.
  9. [9]  IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). (2000), Climate Change 2000: Chapter 6 Radiative Forcing of Climate Change, Cambridge University Press.
  10. [10]  IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). (2001), Third Assessment Report, Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis New York, Cambridge University Press.
  11. [11]  Jacobson, M.Z. (2001), Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols, Nature, 409, 695-697.
  12. [12]  Jacobson, M.Z. (2002), Control of fossil-fuel particulate black carbon plus organic matter, possibly the most effective method of slowing global warming, Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(D19), ACH 16-1-ACH 16-22.
  13. [13]  National Bureau of Industrial and Transportation Statistics Division and the National Development and Reform Commission Energy Bureau. (2014), China Energy Statistical Yearbook 2014, China Statistical Press.
  14. [14]  Qiu, G., Liu, N., Feng, X., Landis, M., Shang, L., and Fu, X. (2011), Pollution characteristics of atmospheric black carbon in Guiyang City, Chinese Journal of Ecology, 30(5), 1018-1022.
  15. [15]  Qin, S., Tang, J. and Pu, W. (2007), Black carbon aerosols and their significance in the study of climate change, Meteorology, 27(11), 60-67.
  16. [16]  Scwartz, J., Coull, B., Laden, F., and Ryan, L. (2008), The effect of dose and timing of dose on the association between airborne particles and survival, Environmental Health Perspectives, 116(1), 64-69.
  17. [17]  Shan, G., Chen, G.Q. (2012), Multi-scale input-output analysis for multiple responsibility entities: Carbon emission by urban economy in Beijing 2007, Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management, 2(1), 43-54.
  18. [18]  Surabi, M., James, H., Nazarenko, L., and Luo Y, (2002), Climate effects of black carbon aerosols in China and India, Science, 297(55), 2250-2253.
  19. [19]  Thomas, W.K. and Novakov, T. (2007), Controlled generation of black carbon particles from a diffusion flame and applications in evaluating black carbon measurement methods, Atmospheric Environment, 41, 1874-1888.
  20. [20]  Wu, D., Mao, J.T., Deng, X.J., Tie, X.X., Zhang, Y.H., Zeng, L.M., Li, F., Tan, H.B., Bi, X.Y., Huang, X.Y., Chen, J., and Deng, T. (2009), Black carbon aerosols and their radiative properties in the Pearl River Delta region, Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 52(8), 1152-1163.
  21. [21]  Wu, X., Yang, Q., Wu, T., and Chen, G. (2014), Carbon capture and storage (CCS) policy for China: Implications from some representative countries and regions, Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management, 2(1), 43-63.
  22. [22]  Wu, Y., Yang, L., Zheng, X., Zhang, S., Song, S., Li, J., and Hao, J. (2014), Characterization and source apportionment of particulate PAHs in the roadside environment in Beijing, Science of the Total Environment, 470-471, 76-83.
  23. [23]  Yang, Y.M. (2014), The analysis and countermeasures of black carbon aerosols on the background of climate change, Ecological Economy, 30(2), 422-429.
  24. [24]  Zhang, J. and Yan, Y. (2008), Numerical simulations of effect of black carbon aerosol on regional climate in China, Journal of Nan jing Institute of Meteorology, 36(6), 3831-3834.
  25. [25]  Zhang, L.X., Hu, Q.H. and Wang, C.B. (2011), Rural energy in China: Pattern and policy, Transactions of the CSAE, 27(1), 1-9.
  26. [26]  Zhang, N., Qin, Y., and Xie, S.D. (2013), Spatial distribution of black carbon emissions in China, Chinese Science Bulletin, 58(31), 3830-3839.
  27. [27]  Zhi, G.R., Zhang, X.Y., Hu, X.L., Chen, Y.J., Xue, M., Zhang, Y.M., Zhang, X.C., Sheng, G.Y., and Fu, J.M. (2009), Reduction of black carbon emissions in the context of sustainable development, Advances in Climate Change Research, 5(6), 318-327.
  28. [28]  Zhu, H. (2003), Space-time distribution of black carbon aerosols in regional studies, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 5, 435-540.