---

Journal of Applied Nonlinear Dynamics 1(4) (2012) 321--339 | DOI:10.5890/JAND.2012.09.003

D.K. Stoyko$^{1}$,$^{3}$, N. Popplewell$^{1}$, A.H. Shah$^{2}$

$^{1}$ Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Manitoba, 15 Gillson Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 5V6

$^{2}$ Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, 15 Gillson Street,Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 5V6

$^{3}$ Stress Engineering Services Canada, #125, 12111 - 40th Street S.E., Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2Z 4E6

Download Full Text PDF

 

Abstract

A hybrid Semi-Analytical Finite Element (SAFE) and standard finite element procedure is adopted to ultrasonically but locally detect and characterize an axisymmetric open notch in an infinitely long steel pipe. Interactions between incident, dispersive guided waves and the notch are shown numerically to change a radial displacement’s temporal history and introduce additional singularities in the previously unblemished pipe’s Frequency Response Function (FRF). Differences between the frequencies of the singularities of the unblemished and notched pipes appear to reflect the notch’s dimensions. They also indicate the location of a nearby notch.

Acknowledgments

All three authors acknowledge the financial support from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada. The first author also wishes to acknowledge financial aid from the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) International, University ofManitoba, Province ofManitoba, Ms.A. Toporeck and family, and the University of Manitoba Students’ Union (UMSU).

References

1. [1]	Alleyne, D.N. and Cawley P. (1996), Excitation of Lamb waves in pipes using dry-coupled piezoelectric transducers, Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, 15, 11-20.

2. [2]	Alleyne, D.N., Lowe, M.J.S. and Cawley, P. (1998), Reflection of guided waves from circumferential notches in pipes, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 65(3), 635-641.

3. [3]	Lowe, M.J.S., Alleyne, D.N. and Cawley, P. (1998), Mode conversion of a guided wave by a partcircumferential notch in a pipe, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 65(3), 649-656.

4. [4]	Hay, T. and Rose, J. (2002), Flexible PVDF comb transducers for excitation of axisymmetric guided waves in pipe, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, A100(1), 18-23.

5. [5]	Mu, J., Zhang, L. and Rose, J. (2007), Defect circumferential sizing by using long range ultrasonic guided wave focusing techniques in pipe, Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation, 22(4), 239-253.

6. [6]	Bai, H., Shah, A.H., Popplewell, N. and Datta, S.K. (2001), Scattering of guided waves by circumferential cracks in steel pipes, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 68(4), 619-631.

7. [7]	Zhuang, W., Shah, A.H. and Datta, S.K. (1997), Axisymmetric guided wave scattering by cracks in welded steel pipes, Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 119(4), 401-406.

8. [8]	Zhu, W. (2002), An FEM simulation for guided elastic wave generation and reflection in hollow cylinders with corrosion defects, Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 124(1), 108-117.

9. [9]	Zhuang, W., Shah, A.H. and Dong, S. (1999), Elastodynamic Green's function for laminated anisotropic circular cylinders, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 66, 665-674.

10. [10]	Stoyko, D.K. (2005), Interpreting wave propagation in a homogeneous, isotropic, steel cylinder. Master's thesis, University of Manitoba. Online: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/97

11. [11]	Griffiths, D.V. (1994), Stiffness matrix of the four-node quadrilateral element in closed form, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 37(6), 1027-1038.

12. [12]	Cook, R. (1981), Concepts and Applications of Finite Element Analysis, Second Edition, John Wiley and Sons: New York.

13. [13]	Silk, M. and Bainton, K. (1979), Propagation in metal tubing of ultrasonic wave modes equivalent to Lamb waves, Ultrasonics, 17, 11-19.

14. [14]	Stoyko, D.K., Popplewell, N. and Shah, A.H. (2010), Finding a pipe's elastic and dimensional properties using ultrasonic guided wave cut-off frequencies, NDT and E International, 43(7), 568-578. Online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2010.05.013