[ Log In | Register]
! Skip Navigation Links
Skip Navigation Links
Image of Discontinuity, Nonlinearity and Complexity
ISSN:2164-6376 (print)
ISSN:2164-6414 (online)
Discontinuity, Nonlinearity, and Complexity

Dimitry Volchenkov (editor), Dumitru Baleanu (editor)

Dimitry Volchenkov(editor)

Mathematics & Statistics, Texas Tech University, 1108 Memorial Circle, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA

Email: dr.volchenkov@gmail.com

Dumitru Baleanu (editor)

Cankaya University, Ankara, Turkey; Institute of Space Sciences, Magurele-Bucharest, Romania

Email: dumitru.baleanu@gmail.com

Treasure Hunting in Virtual Environments Self-Organized Criticality in Searches Amid Uncertainty

Discontinuity, Nonlinearity, and Complexity 3(1) (2014) 1--17 | DOI:10.5890/DNC.2014.03.001

Dimitri Volchenkov$^{1}$; Jonathan Helbach$^{2}$; Marko Tscherepanow$^{2}$; Sina Kühnel$^{3}$

$^{1}$ Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Universitaetsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany

$^{2}$ Technical Faculty, Bielefeld University, Universitaetsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany

$^{3}$ Physiological Psychology, Bielefeld University, Post office box 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany

Download Full Text PDF

 

Abstract

Searching experiments conducted in different virtual environments over a gender balanced group of people revealed a gender irrelevant scale-free spread of searching activity on large spatiotemporal scales. The better per- formance of men in virtual environments can be associated with the reg- ularly renewed computer game experience, essentially in games played through a first-person perspective. We suggested a simple self-organized critical model of search, in which the experimentally observed scale-free behavior can be interpreted as a trade-off between the value of exploitation versus exploration amid uncertainty.

Acknowledgments

The treasure hunting experiments have been supported by the Cognitive Interaction Technology - Center of Excellence (CITEC, Bielefeld University). D.V. gratefully acknowledges the financial support by the project MatheMACS (”Mathematics of Multilevel Anticipatory Complex Systems”), grant agreement no. 318723, funded by the EC Seventh Framework Programme FP7-ICT-2011-8.

References

  1. [1]  Wann, J.P., Mon-Williams, M. (1996),What does virtual reality NEED?: Human factors issues in the design of threedimensional computer environments, International Journal of Human Computer Studies 44, 829-847.
  2. [2]  Darken, R.P. and Sibert, J.L. (1993), A Toolset for Navigation in Virtual Environments, Proceedings of ACM User Interface Software & Technology, 157-165.
  3. [3]  Werner, S.and Long, P. (2003), Cognition meets le Corbusier - Cognitive principles of architectural design, in Spatial Cognition III. Lecture notes in artificial intelligence, 112-126, Springer-Verlag.
  4. [4]  Two AVI video fragments showing the records of actual searching experiments from the first-person perspective can be found at http://youtu.be/17aNxvZFMRw (the VE model A) and http://youtu.be/ Jooi9ZXRGs (the VE model B).
  5. [5]  Blanchard, Ph. and Volchenkov, D. (2008), Intelligibility and first passage times in complex urban networks, Proceedings of the Royal Society A 464, 2153-2167; doi:10.1098/rspa.2007.0329.
  6. [6]  Blanchard, Ph. and Volchenkov,D. (2009),MathematicalAnalysis of Urban Spatial Networks, Understanding Complex Systems, Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg.
  7. [7]  Blanchard, Ph. and Volchenkov, D. (2011), Introduction to Random Walks on Graphs and Databases, Synergetics, Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg.
  8. [8]  Dillon, B.A. (2006), EventWrap-Up: Girls 'N Games 2006, Gamasutra, 18 May 2006.
  9. [9]  Hamilton, E. (2009), The Girl Gamer's Manifesto, GameSpot, 11 Feb 2009.
  10. [10]  Colzato, L.S., van Leeuwen, P.J.A.,Wildenberg,W.P.M. van den, and Hommel, B. (2010),DOOM'd to switch: superior cognitive flexibility in players of first person shooter games, Frontiers in Psychology, 1, Article 8.
  11. [11]  Lawton, C.A. (1994), Gender differences in way-finding strategies: Relationship to spatial ability and spatial anxiety, Sex Roles, 30(11-12), 765-779.
  12. [12]  Devlin, A.S. and Bernstein, J. (1995), Interactive wayfinding: Use of cues by men and women, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 15, 23-38.
  13. [13]  Federal Highway Administration. Nationwide personal transportation study 1995: Transportation user's views of quality. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation (1997).
  14. [14]  Moffat, S.D., Hampson, E., and Hatzipantelis, M. (1998), Navigation in a "virtual" maze: sex differences and correlation with psychometric measures of spatial ability in humans, Evolution and Human Behaviour, 19, 73-78.
  15. [15]  Voyer, D., Voyer, S., and Bryden, M.P. (1995), Magnitude of sex differences in spatial abilities: a meta-analysis and consideration of critical variables, Psychological Bulletin, 117, 250 - 270.
  16. [16]  Cutmore, T.R.H., Hine, T.J., Maberly, K.J., Langford, N.M., and Hawgood, G. (2000), Cognitive and gender factors influencing navigation in a virtual environment, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 53, 223-249.
  17. [17]  Klatzky, R.L., Loomis, J.M., Beall, A.C., Chance, S.S., and Golledge, R.G. (1998), Spatial updating of self-position and orientation during real, imagined, and virtual locomotion, Psychological Science, 9(4), 293-298.
  18. [18]  Riecke, B.E., Schulte-Pelkum, J., and Bülthoff, H.H. (2005), Perceiving Simulated Ego-Motions in Virtual Reality- Comparing Large Screen Displays with HMDs, SPIE 2005 Conference Proceedings, San Jose, USA .
  19. [19]  Komin, N., Erdmann, U., and Schimansky-Geier, L. (2004), Random walk theory applied to daphnia motion, Fluctuation and Noise Letters , 4, L151-L159.
  20. [20]  Schimansky-Geier, L., Erdmann, U., and Komin, N. (2005), Advantages of hopping on a zigzag course, Physica A, 351(1), 51-59.
  21. [21]  Bartumeus, F. and Levin, S.A. (2008), Fractal reorientation clocks: Linking animal behavior to statistical patterns of search, PNAS, 105(49), 19072-19077; doi:10.1073/pnas.0801926105
  22. [22]  Bak, P., Tang, C., Wiesenfeld, K. (1987), Self-organized criticality: an explanation of 1/ f noise, Physical Review Letters 59(4), 381-384.
  23. [23]  Cohen, J.D. and Aston-Jones G. (2005), Cognitive neuroscience: Decision amid uncertainty, Nature, 436, 471-472.
  24. [24]  Cohen, J.D., McClure, S.M., and Yu, A.J. (2007), Should I stay or should I go? How the human brain manages the trade-off between exploitation and exploration, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 362, 933-942.
  25. [25]  Gittins, J.C. (1989), Multi-armed bandit allocation indices. Wiley - Interscience Series in Systems and Optimization, JohnWiley & Sons, Chichester.
  26. [26]  Yu, A.J. and Dayan, P. (2005), Uncertainty, Neuromodulation, and Attention, Neuron, 46, 681-692.
  27. [27]  Bartumeus, F., Catalan, J., Viswanathan, G.M., Raposo, E., and da Luz, M.G.E. (2008), The influence of turning angles on the success of non-oriented animal searches, Journal of Theoretical Biology , 252, 43-55.
  28. [28]  Hurst, H.E., Black, R.P., and Simaika, Y.M. (1975), Long-term storage: an experimental study, Constable, London.
  29. [29]  Viswanathan, G.M., Afanasyev, V., Buldyrev, S.V., Murphy, E.J., Prince, P.A., and Stanley, H.E. (1996), Lévy flight search patterns of wandering albatrosses, Nature (London), 381, 413.
  30. [30]  Bartumeus, F.(2009), Behavioral intermittence, levy patterns, and randomness in animal movement, Oikos, 118, 488- 494.
  31. [31]  Shlesinger, M., Zaslavsky, G.M., and Klafter, J. (1993), Strange kinetics, Nature, 363, 31-37.
  32. [32]  Levy, M. and Solomon, S. (1996), Power Laws are Logarithmic Boltzmann Laws, International Journal of Modern Physics C, 7(4), 595-601.
  33. [33]  Levandowsky,M., Klafter, J., andWhite, B.S. (1988), Swimming behavior and chemosensory responses in the protistan microzooplankton as a function of the hydrodynamic regime, Bulletin of Marine Science, 43, 758-763.
  34. [34]  Viswanathan, G.M., Buldyrev, S., Havlin, S., Luz, M.G.E. da, Raposo, E.P., and Stanley, H.E.(1999), Optimizing the success of random searches, Nature (London), 401, 911.
  35. [35]  Nathan, R., Getz, W.M., Revilla, E., Holyoak, M., Kadmon, R., Saltz, D., and Smouse, P.E. (2008), A movement ecology paradigm for unifying organismal movement research, PNAS, 105(49), 19052-19059.
  36. [36]  Buldyrev, S.V., Havlin, S., Kazakov, A.Ya., da Luz, M.G.E., Raposo, E.P., Stanley, H.E., and Viswanathan G.M. (2001), Average time spent by Lévy flights and walks on an interval with absorbing boundaries, , Physical Review E, 64, 041108.
  37. [37]  Atkinson, R.P.D., Rhodes, C.J., MacDonald D.W., and Anderson, R.M. (2002), Scale-Free Dynamics in theMovement Patterns of Jackals, Oikos, 98 (1), 134-140.
  38. [38]  Brockmann, D., Hufnagel, L., and Geisel, T. (2006), The scaling laws of human travel, Nature, 439, 462-465.
  39. [39]  Sims, D.W. et al, (2008), Scaling laws of marine predator search behaviour, Nature, 451, 1098-1102.
  40. [40]  Bartumeus, F. (2007), Lévy processes in animal movement: an evolutionary hypothesis, Fractals, 15(2), 151-162.
  41. [41]  Viswanathan, G.M., Raposo, E.P., and da Luz, M.G.E. (2008), Lévy flights and uperdiffusion in the context of biological encounters and random searches, Physics of Life Reviews, 5 (3), 133-150.
  42. [42]  Flajolet, P. and Sedgewick, R. (2009), Analytic Combinatorics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Copyright © 2011-2024 L & H Scientific Publishing. All rights reserved. Wildcard SSL Certificates