A. Arshad, A. Sohail, M. Jalal, and Y. Zhang, “Data Driven Smart Machine Learning Optimization to Explore Challenges of Urban Safety: Exploring Future Directions with Transformers and Intelligent Agents”, JEAM, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 239–254, Aug. 2026, doi: 10.5890/JEAM.2025.09.002.